Surface modification of the nanoparticles by an atmospheric room-temperature plasma fluidized bed

Using hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) monomer, the magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) of nickel oxide (NiO) were modified by using an atmospheric room-temperature plasma fluidized bed (ARPFB). The plasma gas temperature of the ARPFB was not higher than 325 K, which was favorable for organic polymerization. The plasma optical emission spectrum (OES) of the gas mixture consisting of argon (Ar) and HMDSO was recorded by a UV–visible monochromator. The as-treated NPs were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the assembling NPs were isolated greatly after modified by the organosilicon polymer. Moreover, this treatment process changed the wettability of the NPs from super-hydrophilicity to super-hydrophobicity, and the contact angle (CA) of water on the modified NPs surface exceeded 150°. Therefore, the ARPFB is a prospective technology for the NPs surface modification according to the different requirements.