Borrowing of Persian words into Arabic language and its influence on Arabic literature and language: A review paper

The link between Persian and Arabic Languages has been investigated by researchers since a long time ago. After the Arab invasion of Iran, at that special period of time, Arabic language was a lot more important than Persian language; it was the language of courts of Iran for a while, and Iranian writers had more tendency to write in Arabic rather than Persian. That is why; some researchers believe that the Persian language has been influenced by the Arabic language. However, in pre-Islamic Iran, during Parthian and Sassanid kingdoms, there was a wide association between Iranians and Arabs. According to many Arabic and Persian references, Persian, in Sassanid era, was spoken from Hira (located in today’s Iraq) to Yemen. From 399 till 430 AC (224 till 193 BH), Persian had been prevalent among inhabitants of Hira who could speak in this language. By investigating Arabic poems in pre-Islamic Arab tribes, we can figure out that the Persian language and the Sassanid civilization have influenced Arabic culture and language. In these poems, there are many Persian entries (words from Pahlavi or Middle Persian language which have changed according to Arabic dialects). In this research, by referring to historical and literary Arabic and Persian documents, we have investigated how the Persian language and the Iranian civilization have influenced the Arabic language and literature in the pre-Islamic period, and we will also illustrate some Persian words which were been used in pre-Islamic Arabic poems.