Author/Authors :
Ramaswamy Govindan، نويسنده , , Li Ding، نويسنده , , Malachi Griffith، نويسنده , , Janakiraman Subramanian، نويسنده , , Nathan D. Dees، نويسنده , , Krishna L. Kanchi، نويسنده , , Christopher A. Maher، نويسنده , , Robert Fulton، نويسنده , , Lucinda Fulton، نويسنده , , John Wallis، نويسنده , , Ken Chen، نويسنده , , Corinna Gries&Jason Walker، نويسنده , , Sandra McDonald، نويسنده , , Ron Bose، نويسنده , , David Ornitz، نويسنده , , Donghai Xiong، نويسنده , , Ming You، نويسنده , , David J. Dooling، نويسنده , , Watson، Mark نويسنده , , Elaine R. Mardis، نويسنده , , et al.، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
We report the results of whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing of tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples from 17 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We identified 3,726 point mutations and more than 90 indels in the coding sequence, with an average mutation frequency more than 10-fold higher in smokers than in never-smokers. Novel alterations in genes involved in chromatin modification and DNA repair pathways were identified, along with DACH1, CFTR, RELN, ABCB5, and HGF. Deep digital sequencing revealed diverse clonality patterns in both never-smokers and smokers. All validated EFGR and KRAS mutations were present in the founder clones, suggesting possible roles in cancer initiation. Analysis revealed 14 fusions, including ROS1 and ALK, as well as novel metabolic enzymes. Cell-cycle and JAK-STAT pathways are significantly altered in lung cancer, along with perturbations in 54 genes that are potentially targetable with currently available drugs.
