Cost optimization of a hybrid HVAC system with composite radiant wall panels

A composite radiant wall panel was developed, which collectively performs heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning tasks at moderate temperatures such that low-enthalpy energy resources can be directly utilized. This technology eliminates the need for costly equipment over sizing and supply temperature conditioning, which are all associated with conventional heating and air-conditioning systems if low-enthalpy energy resources are to be used. An analytical life cycle cost minimization algorithm was used to optimize the new technology, which can cluster heat pipes, heat pumps, wind turbines, solar collectors, and desiccant cooling units around it using any waste or alternative energy source. Results indicate that with an optimum design, wherever low-enthalpy energy resources are readily available, this system may cost effectively reduce the fossil fuel dependency and harmful emissions of buildings.