Ensembles of carbon paste microelectrodes Original Research Article

In this paper, the design of the carbon paste and reference microelectrodes and “carbon paste needle-microelectrodes” (CPNMEs) system is reported (including a 140 μm diameter carbon paste electrode, a 150 μm diameter Ag/AgCl reference electrode and a No. 9 syringe needle auxiliary electrode). The results of several types of voltammetric experiments performed at CPNMEs applied in biological samples are also presented. Over the scan rate range 25–2670 mV/s, the sigmoidal response can be observed on CPNMEs. The CPNMEs exhibit a linear dependence of current response on adrenaline concentration in 10−5 mol/l steps. The characteristics and advantages of CPNMEs, e.g., its small background, ease of modification and the ability of performing sensitive measurements in the absence of added electrolyte, are illustrated.