Study of nano uid natural convection in an inclined L-shaped cavity

This study has focused on natural convection in an inclined L-shaped cavity lled with copper-water nano uid. The governing equations including continuity, momentum and energy equations have been discretized with a control volume method (FVM) using the SIMPLER algorithm. A proper upwinding scheme is employed to obtain stabilized solutions. The eective parameters are solid volume fraction (0; ʹ  0:05), inclination angle (0   135), shape factor (0:6  2W=L  1) and Rayleigh number (101  Ra  105). Results have been presented as isotherm lines, stream lines, local Nusselt number and average Nusselt number. The eects of Rayleigh number, inclination angle and shape factor, as well as the solid volume fraction, have been investigated on the ow eld and Nusselt number. Results show that the solid volume fraction and shape factor, as well as the inclination angle, have important eects on the ow eld, especially on average Nusselt number. The results indicate that a decrease in shape factor and an increase in solid volume fraction lead to an increase in average Nusselt number.