Asymptotically exact stresses in laminates with a rigid fastener

A method of superposition of a hybrid and displacement approximation has been extended to provide accurate stress fields in a multilayered composite laminate including the singular neighborhood of the ply interface and the edge of a hole containing a rigid fastener. Asymptotic analysis was used to derive the hybrid stress functions. Multiple singular terms at each interface were incorporated. The displacement approximation is based on polynomial B-spline functions. The method provides determination of the coefficient of the singular term along with convergent stress components, including the singular regions. Reissnerʹs variational principle was employed. Coefficients of the singular term of the asymptotic expansion were determined for a [45/-45]s laminate under bearing loading introduced through a rigid fastener.