Utilization of GaN:Eu3+ nanocrystals for the detection of programmed cell death

In the current study we propose to use a new system for labeling biological processes. Gallium nitride nanocrystals doped by europium ions (nc-GaN:Eu3+) have been obtained and used to identify the cells undergoing process of programmed cell death. Obtained by combustion method, GaN:Eu3+ fluorescent nanocrystals have been covered with the polymeric envelope, bearing epoxy groups. Carbohydrate-binding protein—lectin—specifically recognizing cells undergoing programmed cell death was conjugated to the envelope of nanoparticles.Incubation of alive and dead cells with nanoparticles suspension and subsequent analysis using fluorescent and phase-contrast microscopy revealed predominate binding of nanoparticles to dead cells, while intact cell did not bind nanoparticles under the same conditions.