Dye sensitized solar cells using freestanding TiO2 nanotube arrays on FTO substrate as photoanode

The front-side illuminated dye-sensitized solar cells with TiO2 nanotube arrays/FTO based photoanode were fabricated by a simple detachment and transfer method. The morphology and crystalline phase of the TiO2 nanotubes were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A photoconversion efficiency of 1.78% was obtained using TiO2-nanotube/FTO glass as a photoanode. It was found that the average tubes diameter increased with anodizing voltage, and higher photoconversion efficiency was obtained for nanotubes synthesized at the higher voltage.