Optimisation of multiple quality characteristics of hardfacing using grey-based Taguchi method

Hard-particle metal matrix composites (MMC) represent an efficient way of increasing the lifetime of machinery equipment which is exposed to severe wear conditions. The abrasive wear resistance of these materials, usually designed by reinforcement with tungsten carbides, is highly dependent on the MMC’s microstructure. Plasma transferred arc (PTA) is a commonly used and efficient welding method for hardfacing deposition. Dissolution of carbide markedly influences the microstructure parameters, decreasing the carbide volume fraction as well as the mean carbide diameter, whereas matrix hardness increases with increasing carbide dissolution. However, optimisation of the multiple, process determining quality characteristics is a key factor for successful application in industrial practice.