Dynamics and shape of bubbles on heating surfaces: A simulation study

The bubble shape on heating surfaces is simulated by numerically solving the Young–Laplace equation including a dynamic pressure term. This dynamic pressure is calculated by a correlation involving several empirical coefficients. By adjusting these coefficients, a given bubble shape can be well represented. Thus the pressure around the bubble and various forces acting on the bubble can be accurately calculated. Some calculation examples are given. The results show an important effect of dynamic forces on the bubble shape. Therefore, the assumption of spherical bubbles could lead to big errors in force evaluations.