Transient two-dimensional model of frost formation on a fin-and-tube heat exchanger

In the paper, numerical and experimental analyses of heat and mass transfer during frost formation on a fin-and-tube heat exchanger have been presented. Modelling of the frost formation on cold surfaces placed in a humid air stream, requires a complex mathematical approach. A transient two-dimensional mathematical model of frost formation has been developed. The applied mathematical model has been defined using governing equations for the boundary layer that include air and frost sub-domains as well as a boundary condition on the air–frost interface. The mathematical model with initial and boundary conditions has been discretised according to the finite volume method and solved numerically using the SIMPLER algorithm for the velocity–pressure coupling. Results have shown that the frost layer formation significantly influences the heat transfer between air and fins. As a result of numerical calculations, time-wise frost thickness variations for different air humidities, temperatures and velocities have been presented. Using the developed mathematical model, the algorithm and the computer code, which have been experimentally validated, it is possible to predict a decrease of exchanged heat flux in the heat exchanger under frost growth conditions.