Flow boiling heat transfer of R134a and R245fa in a 2.3 mm tube

This paper presents new experimental flow boiling heat transfer results in micro-scale tubes. The experimental data were obtained in a horizontal 2.3 mm I.D. stainless steel tube with heating length of 464 mm, R134a and R245fa as working fluids, mass velocities ranging from 50 to 700 kg m−2 s−1, heat flux from 5 to 55 kW m−2, exit saturation temperatures of 22, 31 and 41 °C, and vapor qualities ranging from 0.05 to 0.99. Flow pattern characterization was also performed from images obtained by high-speed filming. Heat transfer coefficient results from 1 to 14 kW m−2 K−1 were measured. It was found that the heat transfer coefficient is a strong function of heat flux, mass velocity and vapor quality. The experimental data were compared against ten flow boiling predictive methods from the literature. Liu and Winterton , Zhang et al. and Saitoh et al. worked best for both fluids, capturing most of the experimental heat transfer trends.