Cytotoxic and anti-HIV-1 constituents from leaves and twigs of Gardenia tubifera

Two new natural cycloartanes, tubiferolide methyl ester () and tubiferaoctanolide (), together with the known coronalolide () and coronalolide methyl ester () have been isolated from leaves and twigs of Gardenia tubifera. In addition, a new flavone 5,3′,5′-trihydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavone (), five known flavones and hexacosyl 4′-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate () were also obtained from the same source. The structures were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic methods. Compounds , , , and showed significant cytotoxic activities only in P-388 cell line. Compound was cytotoxic against P-388, KB, Col-2 and Lu-1, while was active in P-388 and BCA-1. Compounds and displayed significant anti-HIV activities in the HIV-1RT assay; compound showed moderate activity in this assay. Compounds were also found to be active in the ΔTat/RevMC 99 syncytium assay.