Facile synthesis of azocino[4,3-b]indoles by ring-closing metathesis

The azocino[4,3-b]indole system, tricyclic substructure of the indole alkaloids apparicine and ervaticine, is efficiently assembled by ring-closing metathesis of 2-allyl-3-(allylaminomethyl)indoles. The metathesis sites are introduced into the indole nucleus by reductive amination of a 3-formyl derivative with allylamine, followed by α-lithiation with subsequent electrophilic trapping with acrolein.