Musanahol: a new aureonitol-related metabolite from a Chaetomium sp.

Two antibacterial furano-polyenes, (−)-musanahol (1) and 3-epi-aureonitol (5), and a fatty acid, linoleic acid (8) were isolated from the laboratory cultures of a Chaetomium sp. accessed from tomato fruits, and grown on YMG medium (yeast extract, glucose, malt extract and water) at pH 5.8–6.0. The structure of compound 1, a new furano-polyene, was elucidated by spectroscopic methods that include extensive 2D NMR experiments, double resonance experiments, Mosherʹs method and PM3 calculations. (−)-Musanahol (1) and 3-epi-aureonitol (5) were present in the culture filtrate of the fungus. 3-epi-Aureonitol (5) completely inhibited the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes at 15.63 μg/mL and Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis and Corynebacterium diphtheriae at 31.25 μg/mL, whereas (−)-musanahol (1) lacked the antimicrobial potency of compound 5 in spite of the similarities in their structures. Linoleic acid (8) was isolated from the mycelia of the fungus; it inhibited the growth of S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis at a minimum concentration of 15.62 μg/mL.