Indium-catalyzed coupling reaction between silyl enolates and alkyl chlorides or alkyl ethers

The coupling reactions of alkyl chlorides with silyl enolates catalyzed by InBr3, and the coupling reactions of alkyl ethers with silyl enolates catalyzed by the combined Lewis acid of InBr3/Me3SiBr are described. In both reaction systems, various types of silyl enolates were used to give corresponding α-alkylated esters, ketones, carboxylic acids, amides, thioesters, and aldehydes.