Ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis program and its application to multi-stage continuous saline water desalination Original Research Article

The first part of this article describes the program of a one-stage continuous electrodialysis process operating at a constant current mode. The full continuous electrodialysis program is developed and explained definitely by arranging equations systematically with the following supplementary steps. For preventing scale formation in concentrating cells, salt solutions supplied to the desalting cells are also fed to the concentrating cells. Influence of temperature to the performance of the electrodialyzer is taken into account. Pressure drop in the electrodialyzer is evaluated by incorporating the functions of hydrodynamic diameters of desalting and concentrating cells and slots. An electric current screening effect of a spacer is determined by the volume ratio of spacer rods in a desalting and concentrating cell.