He+ density topside modeling based on ISS-b satellite data Original Research Article

Using the ISS-b satellite observations of He+ ions in the topside ionosphere, He+ density profiles, light ion trough and subtrough occurrence statistics have been established. The most important improvement concerns high solar activity at low- and middle-latitudes, where the IRI model exhibits serious shortcomings compared to actual data. The obtained statistics may be considered for use in the IRI prediction scheme similar to the spread F occurrence statistics. The He+ density profiles may be used in the IRI topside empirical modeling.