On the free energy of the solar cycles Original Research Article

The free energy transformations leading to the observed solar cycle variations of the total solar irradiance are not known. The energy of magnetic fields and their dissipation related to the solar activity manifestations in large scale structures on the Sun do not look to be sufficient energy reservoirs and channels for producing the total solar radiation variations with the relative amplitudes of the order of 10−3. Other types of the free energy should be also involved in the solar cycle and the longer time variability. They could be nuclear power, gravity, mechanical motions, electromagnetic radiation, heat. The main open question remains: what are the energy, momentum and mass distributions and fluxes in space and time inside the Sun during the cycles?