What gamma-ray deexcitation lines reveal about solar-flares Original Research Article

Gamma-ray emission from solar flares reveals information about the nature of the accelerated particles and about the physical conditions of the medium through which the accelerated particles are transported. In this paper, we present the gamma-ray line-production and loop transport models used in our calculations of high-energy emission. We discuss the calculated interaction time history, the depth distribution, the interacting-particle angular distribution, and fluence ratios of the narrow gamma-ray lines. We show the relationship between the γ-ray observables and the parameters of the transport and line-production models. For illustration, we use calculations of 4.44 MeV 12C nuclear deexcitation line-production. Applications of the calculations to flare observations by both SMM and RHESSI are also presented.