Numerical investigation of double-diffusive mixed convective flow in a lid-driven enclosure filled with Al2O3-water nanofluid

Double-diffusive mixed convection in a lid-driven square enclosure filled with Al2O3-water is numerically investigated. Two-dimensional nonlinear governing equations are discretized using the control volume method and hybrid scheme. The equations are solved using SIMPLER algorithm. The results are displayed in the form of streamlines, isotherms, and iso-concentrations when the Richardson number varies between 0.01 and 100, the Lewis number changes from 0.1 to 10, the buoyancy ratio ranges between 0 and 5,the volume fractions of nanoparticles differs from 0 to 0.06 and the source location moves from the top toward bottom of the left wall. Moreover, the variation of average Nusselt and Sherwood number are illustrated. It is observed that heat transfer enhances as nanoparticles volume fraction increases, while mass transfer reduces. Additionally, by increasing the buoyancy ratio, both heat and mass transfer are increased.