Title of article :
Dried chitosan-gels as organocatalysts for the production of biomass-derived platform chemicals Original Research Article
Author/Authors :
Henning Kayser، نويسنده , , Christoph R. Müller، نويسنده , , Carlos A. Garc?a-Gonz?lez، نويسنده , , Irina Smirnova، نويسنده , , Walter Leitner، نويسنده , , Pablo Dom?nguez de Mar?a، نويسنده ,
Issue Information :
روزنامه با شماره پیاپی سال 2012
Pages :
7
From page :
180
To page :
186
Abstract :
Aldol condensations between sugar-derived dehydrated aldehydes (e.g. furfural) and acetone have been proposed as a route to provide useful biomass-derived chemicals. In the quest of sustainable catalytic ways for such aldol condensations, this paper assesses the use of dried chitosan-gels as naturally-immobilized, readily available and non-hazardous amino-based organocatalysts. At room temperature chitosan dried gels are not suitable catalysts for the desired reaction. However, at higher temperatures (>90 °C) reaction proceeds efficiently either in solvent-free systems (with addition of catalytic amounts of water) or in water. The set-up of closed reactor set-ups (thermoshakers or microwave reactions) proved highly beneficial for the reaction outcome. Furthermore, chitosan dried gels were successfully re-used for a number of cycles. An efficient catalyst drying method (either lyophilization or scCO2 drying) was crucial to achieve virtually full conversions in 4 h. After pertinent further process optimization, dried chitosan-gels may become very useful catalysts for their use in biomass-based reactions in biorefineries.
Keywords :
Chitosan , Aerogels , Furfural , Gasoline , Biofuels , Biorefineries
Journal title :
Applied Catalysis A:General
Serial Year :
2012
Journal title :
Applied Catalysis A:General
Record number :
1157095
Link To Document :
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