Development and Application of Functional Surfaces

Functional surfaces in metal forming can be divided into three groups: those that optimize the tribological procedures during the forming process by enhancing friction, wear, and thermal and chemical behaviour; surfaces that have a product function that should not be destroyed in the forming process; and surfaces that can be systematically manufactured during a forming operation. Optimization of the tribological conditions can be achieved by using surface microtextures, coatings with dry lubricant properties, and hard coatings for wear reduction. Metallic or organic layers with a task for the produced part offer a large economization potential, but the non-destructive forming is difficult. At present, production of functional surfaces during forming is practised using only a few manufacturing techniques.