Chicory juice clarification by membrane filtration using rotating disk module Original Research Article

Clarification is the first step of inulin production from chicory juice, and membrane filtration as an alternative can greatly simplify this process, increase juice yield, improve product quality, and reduce the cost and waste volume. In this study, a rotating disk module (RDM) was used to investigate the clarification of chicory juice by four micro- and ultrafiltration membranes. Compared with dead end filtration, the RDM had a much higher permeate flux and product quality. High rotating speeds produced high permeate fluxes and reduced flux decline, because of the strong back transport of foulant from fouling layer to feed solution. At high rotating speeds of 1500–2000 rpm, the permeate flux increased with membrane pore size and transmembrane pressure (TMP), while at low rotating speeds (<1000 rpm), permeate flux was independent of membrane type and TMP due to a thick deposited fouling layer as a dominant filtration resistance, while carbohydrate transmission decreased at higher TMP because of denser cake layer as an additional selective membrane. The highest carbohydrate transmission (∼98%) and desirable permeate turbidity (2.4 NTU) was obtained at a TMP of 75 kPa and a rotating speed of 2000 rpm for FSM0.45PP membrane. With the RDM, the Volume Reduction Ratio (VRR) could reach 10 with a high permeate flux (106 L m−2 h−1) in the concentration test, and permeate was still rich in carbohydrate and well clarified. Chemical cleaning with 0.5% P3-ultrasil 10 detergent solution was able to recover 90% water flux of fouled membrane.