A study of the application of upper bound method to the CONFORM process

This paper is concerned with the calculation of the powers required in the steady-state CONFORM process. For this goal, similarity is applied to the CONFORM process for an equivalent side extrusion process, to which the upper bound method is used to derive the equation for calculating the powers. Even though the global flow characteristics between the real and the simplified processes are not similar, the calculated results for both processes show good agreement. Furthermore, FEM simulation is carried out using the DEFORM commercial program in order to verify the theoretical results.