Prediction of cyclic softening in a medium carbon steel during cross roll straightening

Cross roll straightening is the final operation in the production of bright steel bars. Reports of simulation of the process are sparse, the knowledge of the process being still mainly empirical. The present procedure allows to simulate the process with a reasonable CPU cost. Using a suitable set of constitutive equations, the yield stress values, obtained from tensile tests conducted on SAE 1144 bars that have been straightened under different conditions, are predicted. The predicted softening is in good agreement with the measured one. Predictions of the residual stress state agree qualitatively with experimental values from the literature.