Shape accuracy in the forming of deep holes with retreat and advance pulse ram motion on a servo press

A method for keeping lubrication in the backward extrusion of deep holes for lightweight structural components is proposed utilizing a servo press and a punch with an internal channel for liquid lubricant supply. The punch is pushed into the specimen with a servo press in a manner that combines pulsed and stepwise modes. Sufficient liquid lubricant is periodically supplied to the deformation zone through the internal channel upon the retreat of the punch. The appropriate punch motions for prevention of galling of the formed hole for extrusion ratios in the range 1.07–1.80 were determined in the proposed forming method using a servo press. Furthermore, the proposed method was found to produce the formed holes with high shape accuracy. The shape accuracy of the formed hole is discussed with experimental and finite element simulation results in terms of lubrication state and temperature change.