Thermal and quantum fluctuations in the kaon-condensed phase Original Research Article

A new formulation is presented to treat thermal and quantum fluctuations around the kaon condensate on the basis of chiral symmetry. Separating the zero-mode from the beginning and using the path-integral method, we can formulate the method of taking in the fluctuations in a transparent way. Nucleons as well as kaons are treated in a self-consistent way to one-loop order. The effects of the Goldstone mode, stemming from the spontaneous breakdown of V-spin symmetry in the condensed phase, are figured out. A procedure is discussed to renormalize the divergent integrals properly up to one-loop order. Following this procedure the thermodynamic potential is derived. It is pointed out that the zero-point fluctuations by nucleons give a sizable effect, as compared with that by kaons.