Experimental and theoretical investigations of quadrupole collective degrees of freedom in 104Ru Original Research Article

The magnitudes and signs of twenty eight E2 and three M1 matrix elements involving 17 low-lying excited states in 104Ru have been measured by Coulomb excitation using 208Pb, 136Xe and 58Ni ions. The completeness of the set of E2 matrix elements is sufficient to extract, directly from the data, the expectation values of the intrinsic-frame E2 moments that provide considerable insight into the underlying collectivity. The measured E2 properties strongly correlate with macroscopic quadrupole collective degrees of freedom. Detailed comparison of the experimental results and theoretical microscopic calculations within the general quadrupole collective Bohr Hamiltonian are presented. Very good agreement of calculations and experiment is achieved without any parameters fitted to the 104Ru experimental data. Results of phenomenological γ-unstable and γ-rigid models are also given.