An analytical method of metal forming considering ageing in the microstructure for carbon steel

An analytical method is proposed that considers ageing, with an emphasis on cementite morphology, for metal forming simulations. The basic concept is that ageing in the microscale and the deformation and temperature rise in the macroscale should be analysed simultaneously. In the macroscale, mechanical analysis is carried out followed by thermal analysis. In the microscale, the diffusion of carbon is estimated considering the history of strain and temperature analysed by the macroscale analyses. Using the proposed method, metal forming analysis is conducted and experimental verification is conducted with emphasis on carbon content and deformation rate.