Fragile watermarking tamper detection with images compressed by fuzzy transform

An original image is divided in smaller images called blocks, compressed with a fuzzy transform to images of sizes 2 × 2 for which we apply a fragile watermarking process as introduced by Chen and Wang (Expert Systems with Applications 36 (2009) 1300–1307). A pre-processing phase is considered to determine the best compression rate for the coding process. We test this scheme in tamper detection analysis on a sample of images by simulating various types of computer attack. The obtained results are good in terms of accuracy for tamper detection with compressed images and of dimensionality of the image dataset to store the original images.