Alkali binding in hydrated Portland cement paste

The alkali-binding capacity of C–S–H in hydrated Portland cement pastes is addressed in this study. The amount of bound alkalis in C–S–H is computed based on the alkali partition theories firstly proposed by Taylor (1987) and later further developed by Brouwers and Van Eijk (2003). Experimental data reported in literatures concerning thirteen different recipes are analyzed and used as references. A three-dimensional computer-based cement hydration model (CEMHYD3D) is used to simulate the hydration of Portland cement pastes. These model predictions are used as inputs for deriving the alkali-binding capacity of the hydration product C–S–H in hydrated Portland cement pastes. It is found that the relation of Na+ between the moles bound in C–S–H and its concentration in the pore solution is linear, while the binding of K+ in C–S–H complies with the Freundlich isotherm. New models are proposed for determining the alkali-binding capacities of C–S–H in hydrated Portland cement paste. An updated method for predicting the alkali concentrations in the pore solution of hydrated Portland cement pastes is developed. It is also used to investigate the effects of various factors (such as the water to cement ratio, clinker composition and alkali types) on the alkali concentrations.