Combined free and forced convection in an inclined channel with discrete heat sources

Mixed convection is studied in an inclined rectangular channel with three discrete heat sources placed on the bottom surface. The Reynolds and Grashof numbers and the channel inclination are respectively: 1 ≤ Re ≤ 1000, 103 ≤ Gr ≤ 105, and 0° ≤ γ ≤ 90°. The governing equations are solved using the finite element method, the Penalty and Petrov–Galerkin techniques. The inclination has a stronger influence on the flow and heat transfer for low Reynolds numbers. In general, cases which show the lowest temperature distributions on the modules are those where the inclination angles are 45° and 90°.