THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RATE OF ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS OF ESTERS IN CONCENTRATED AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF Et4NCl

The rate of alkaline hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl toluenesulfonate, 4-nitrophenyl diethyl phosphate, and 4-nitrophenyl dimethylcarbamate (with Et4NOH as reagent) in concentrated aqueous solutions of Et4NCl (0-4.5 M) at 15, 25, 40, and 60 °C was studied. The nature of the effect of Et4NCl on the reaction rate was explained by the action of the electrolyte on the structure of the water. It was shown that the increase in the rate results from change in the solvation component of the free energy of activation.