Linear Stark effect in spectroscopy and luminescence of doped inorganic insulating crystals

The various effects in spectroscopic and luminescent properties of doped inorganic insulating crystals connected with the linear Stark effect (LSE) in the spectra of inversionless impurity centers are systematized. The phenomena connected with both the LSE in a uniform external electric field and in internal Coulomb fields of charged defects in crystal lattices are discussed. These include: the pseudo-Stark splitting (PSS) in the spectra of transition metals and rare-earth ions in an external field; the PSS in the spectra of impurity ions induced by a ferroelectric phase transition; the drastic shift of photoionization thresholds of ions in multisites; the off-resonant persistent hole-burning in the zero-phonon lines of inversionless centers; and the photoelectric anomalies of optically excited ruby.