Electrohydrodynamic pumping of dielectric liquids

The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) phenomena involve the interaction of electric fields and flow fields in a dielectric fluid medium. The electric body force, responsible for this interaction and generating pumping, is primarily the Coulomb force. There are three kinds of EHD pumping: induction pumping, ion-drag pumping, and conduction pumping. In this paper, these three types of EHD pumping are described. Both single-phase liquid and two-phase liquid/vapor are considered.