0.9 Pb (Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.1 PbTiO3 relaxor ferroelectric ceramics produced by a simplified columbite route and a reaction-sintering process

0.9Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.1PbTiO3 relaxor ferroelectric ceramics produced by a simplified columbite route (PMNT-SCR) and a reaction-sintering process (PMNT-RS) were studied. The second calcination to react MgNb2O6, PbO and TiO2 in the columbite route was omitted to obtain 0.9PMN–0.1PT ceramics in the simplified columbite route. PMNT-SCR ceramic with density higher than 90%of theoretical density was obtained. The dielectric constant of PMNT-SCR at 100 Hz reached 20,000. Without any calcination, the mixture of PbO, Mg(NO3)2, Nb2O5 and TiO2 was pressed and sintered directly in the reaction-sintering process. Stoichiometric 0.9PMN–0.1PT ceramics of 100% perovskite phase were obtained. PMNT-RS ceramic with density of 8.07 g/cm3 was obtained after 1230 °C/2 h sintering. Dielectric constant under 1 kHz reaches 26,100 for PMNT-RS ceramics after 1230 °C/2 h sintering.