Enhancement in the piezoelectric properties of BaTiO3–Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–BiFeO3 system ceramics by nanodomain

Barium titanate (BaTiO3, BT)–bismuth titanate magnesium oxide (Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3, BMT)–bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3, BF) solid solution ceramics were prepared using a conventional solid-state synthesis, and their piezoelectric properties and microstructure were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed the single phase of perovskite oxide for 0.3BT–0.1BMT–0.6BF ceramics. Strain–electric field curves of the sample with 0.3BT–0.1BMT–0.6BF exhibit ferroelectric butterfly-like curves. A strain maximum/electric field maximum (Smax/Emax) was 330 pm/V. Transmission electron microscopy revealed dot-like domains(Nanodomains) inside the ferroelectric domain structures in the 0.3BT–0.1BMT–0.6BF.