Microstructure and mineralogy of lightweight aggregates produced from washing aggregate sludge, fly ash and used motor oil

The microstructures and mineralogical compositions of lightweight aggregates (LWAs) manufactured with washing aggregate sludge (WS), fly ash (FA) and used motor oil (UMO) have been studied. Most LWAs with WS and FA exhibited an external layer and a glassy core with isolated pores. LWAs with WS and UMO did not present external shells or signs of bloating. Iron oxides, within the external layer, and pyrrhotite, in the inner glass, were observed. The mineralogical analyses revealed the neo-formation of plagioclase and pyroxene, along with minor gehlenite. Some relationships could be established: (i) the presence of larger pores is related to a decrease in the dry particle density values, (ii) when the LWA lacks the external layer, the water absorption values were dependent on the size and amount of each type of pore (open or closed), and (iii) the neo-formation of Ca-plagioclase and the consumption of quartz improved the compressive strength values.