Tracing the anthropogenic lead sources in coastal sediments of SE-Pacific (36° Lat. S) using stable lead isotopes

This study evaluates the main sources of antropogenic Pb in one of the most industrialized centers of the southern Chilean coast (36°S). Stable lead isotopes (206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/207Pb) were used to trace main Pb sources to coastal sediments, considering the suspended particulate matter (SPM) from marine (traps), continental (rivers) and industrial effluents, sediments and leaded gasoline samples. The atmospheric input was evaluated through natural collectors; i.e. Raqui-Tubul salt marsh. Results show that marine samples lie on a trend between industrial effluents ( 1.16, 2.44) and natural sources (1.20, 2.50), not related to gasoline consumption. Salt marsh sediments show comparable isotopic composition to marine samples, suggesting the importance of the atmospheric input in the coastal sediments, not related to the leaded gasoline composition either. The continental input (1.18, 2.48) is highly influenced by precipitation, being difficult to separate both sources (atmosphere and continental runoff), showing also similar isotopic ratio to marine sediments. The signal of industrial emissions is masked with the introduction of Pb with higher isotopic ratios, compared to the values observed in the material collected from traps (SPM 1.19, 2.48). The contribution of more radiogenic Pb by the upwelling is suggested.