Osteocalcin and vitamin D status are inversely associated with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance in Canadian Aboriginal and white women: the First Nations Bone Health Study

Aboriginal women had higher BMI, fat and markers of dysglycemia. Osteocalcin was not different between groups, but 25(OH)D was lower in Aboriginal women. Osteocalcin was inversely related to all five parameters of glucose metabolism, whereas 25(OH)D was inversely related to insulin, C-peptide and HOMA-IR. After accounting for age, ethnicity or adiposity using regression analyses, glucose, HbA1c and HOMA-IR were inversely related to both osteocalcin and 25(OH)D. However, only 25(OH)D was inversely related to C-peptide, and neither osteocalcin nor 25(OH)D was related to insulin.