ω-Conotoxin GVIA mimetics based on an anthranilamide core: Effect of variation in ammonium side chain lengths and incorporation of fluorine Original Research Article

A number of ω-conotoxin GVIA mimetics based on an anthranilamide core were prepared and tested for their affinity for rat brain Cav2.2 channels. Features such as the presence of hydroxyl and fluoro substituents on the tyrosine side chain mimic, the length of the chains on the lysine/arginine side chain mimics and the use of diguanidino and diamino substituents rather than mono-guanidine/mono-amine substitution were examined. The diguanidinylated compounds proved to be the most active and deletion of the hydroxyl substituent had a limited influence on activity. The SAR associated with variation in the lysine/arginine side chain mimics was not strong. The introduction of a fluoro substituent into the tyrosine mimic produced the most active compound prepared in this study (2g), with an EC50 at rat brain Cav2.2 channels of 6 μM.