The influence of different fabrication processes on characteristics of excess Bi2O3-doped 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3 ceramics Original Research Article

In this study, we will develop the influences of the excess x wt% (x=0, 1, 2, and 3) Bi2O3-doped and the different fabricating process on the sintering and dielectric characteristics of 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3 ferroelectric ceramics with the aid of SEM and X-ray diffraction patterns, and dielectric–temperature curves. The 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3+x wt% Bi2O3 ceramics are fabricated by two different processes. The first process is that (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 composition is calcined at 850 °C and BaTiO3 composition is calcined at 1100 °C, then the calcined (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 and BaTiO3 powders are mixed in according to 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3+x wt% Bi2O3 compositions. The second process is that the raw materials are mixed in accordance to the 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3+x wt% Bi2O3 compositions and then calcining at 900 °C. The sintering process is carried out in air for 2 h from 1120 to 1240 °C. After sintering, the effects of process parameters on the dielectric characteristics will be developed by the dielectric–temperature curves. Dielectric–temperature properties are also investigated at the temperatures of 30–350 °C and at the frequencies of 10 kHz–1 MHz.