Identification of TCNQF4 redox levels using spectroscopic and electrochemical fingerprints (TCNQF4 = 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane)

Solution and solid state methods for the identification of TCNQF4, TCNQF4− and TCNQF42− redox levels (TCNQF4 = 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) are described. Solution phase UV–Vis spectroscopy and electrochemistry can be used for both qualitative and quantitative determinations, while infrared and Raman spectroscopies are very powerful for solid state identification. Analogous strategies can also be applied to other TCNQ derivatives (TCNQ = 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane).