Author/Authors :
Hüsemann، نويسنده , , Yves and Geigl، نويسنده , , Jochen B. and Schubert، نويسنده , , Falk and Musiani، نويسنده , , Piero and Meyer، نويسنده , , Manfred and Burghart، نويسنده , , Elke and Forni، نويسنده , , Guido and Eils، نويسنده , , Roland and Fehm، نويسنده , , Tanja and Riethmüller، نويسنده , , Gert and Klein، نويسنده , , Christoph A.، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
Summary
widely accepted that metastasis is a late event in cancer progression. Here, however, we show that tumor cells can disseminate systemically from earliest epithelial alterations in HER-2 and PyMT transgenic mice and from ductal carcinoma in situ in women. Wild-type mice transplanted with single premalignant HER-2 transgenic glands displayed disseminated tumor cells and micrometastasis in bone marrow and lungs. The number of disseminated cancer cells and their karyotypic abnormalities were similar for small and large tumors in patients and mouse models. When activated by bone marrow transplantation into wild-type recipients, 80 early-disseminated cancer cells sufficed to induce lethal carcinosis. Therefore, release from dormancy of early-disseminated cancer cells may frequently account for metachronous metastasis.
