ADAGIO technique: From UO2 fuels to MOX fuels

The amount of gas at the grain boundaries plays an important role in the fuel transient behaviour during accident conditions, such as a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) or a reactivity-initiated accident (RIA). Direct experimental determination of the grain boundary gas inventory has been performed for MOX fuel irradiated in an EDF pressurised water reactor (PWR) using the ADAGIO technique (ADAGIO is a French acronym meaning ‘Discriminatory Analysis of Accumulated Inter-granular and Occluded Gas’). The ADAGIO protocol applied to a MOX MIMAS fuel produced inter-granular gas fraction results that were consistent with those reached with other methods of evaluation i.e. electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Furthermore, a new methodology for the numerical treatment of 85Kr release kinetics which was developed for UO2 was applied to MOX fuels. The corresponding results evidenced two types of release kinetics. These kinetics were attributed to the inter-granular bubbles of the UO2 matrix and the bubbles located in the restructured zones, i.e. Pu agglomerates.