Comparison of the Effectiveness of Thiothixene and Risperidone as a Combination with Lithium for the Treatment of Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Background: The effectiveness of various atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of acute mania is reported repeatedly, but those for typical antipsychotics are restricted to haloperidol and chlorpromazine. As there is a comparative importance of side effects for typical and atypical antipsychotics, we decided to compare the therapeutic effect of thiothixene and risperidone as a combination with lithium for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder. Materials and Methods: In 8 week double-blind clinical trial, 84 patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder were randomized for treatment with lithium plus thiothixene (N=42) or lithium plus risperidone (N=42). Manic, positive-negative symptoms, anxiety and depression were measured bi-weekly with Young Mania Rating, positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) and Hamilton rating scale score. Fasting blood sugar, weight, general side effects and extrapyramidal symptoms were also evaluated. The measures analyzed using SPSS-17 software. To compare demographic characteristics t-test, ?2 test and fixed effects method were used. A fixed effects method was applied to omit missing data effects. Results: There was no significant difference between the thiothixene and risperidone groups in Young mania rating scale and other outcome measures during the 8 week trial. There was no significant difference in weight, blood sugar and clinical global impression (CGI) between groups. Conclusion: Thiothixene is as effective as risperidone in the improvement of manic and psychotic symptoms. There was no significant difference with risperidone in developing extrapyramidal symptoms, so it can be used as an appropriate combination with lithium for the treatment of bipolar patients in psychotic manic episode.