Localized surface plasmon enhanced microcrystalline–silicon solar cells

A novel type of substrate named “Ag–SP substrate”, in which silver nanoparticles are incorporated, is introduced and utilized as a back reflector for hydrogenated microcrystalline-silicon solar cell in a substrate-type (n-i-p) configuration. Optical and morphological analyses of Ag–SP substrates fabricated with various sizes of silver nanoparticles are systematically performed. It is shown that silver nanoparticles in Ag–SP substrate structure can lead to significant scattering of light when their diameter increases up to 300 nm. Furthermore, the photocurrent of the solar cell fabricated on an Ag–SP substrate with RMS roughness as small as 16.5 nm and a proper lateral diameter (approximately 300 nm) of silver nanoparticles is improved as compared to that of the solar cell prepared on reference textured substrate with RMS roughness of 25.3 nm, owing to strong scattering of light by silver nanoparticles in the red-infrared region.