A parametric model for evaporating liquid jets in dilute gas–solid flows

A parametric model has been developed for the study of liquid jet evaporation in gas–solid suspension flows. The model takes into account the phase interactions with phase changes in the mass, momentum and energy conservation equations of all the gas, liquid, and solid phases. Parametric effects on the mixing characteristics such as evaporation length, temperature and velocity of each phase, trajectories, and the phase volume fraction distributions are illustrated. It is found that the evaporation length is shortened in the presence of particles in a liquid jet of any injection angle. The evaporation length decreases with the increase of solids loading as well as the increase of jetting angle from co-current to counter-current. Comparison of jet evaporation length between the previously reported experimental results and modeling predictions shows a good qualitative agreement.